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Product Safety StandardsThe following list is a sampling of product safety standards in the United States and Europe. American National Standards Institute (ANSI)ANSI N2.1:1994—Warning symbols—Radiation symbol. ANSI N43.3:1993—General radiation safety—Installations using nonmedical x-ray and sealed gamma-ray sources, energies up to 10 MeV. American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE)ASAE S441.2:1995—Safety signs. ASAE S441.3:1999—Safety signs. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC)EN 81 P1—Safety rules for the construction and installation of electric lifts. EN 81 P2—Safety rules for the construction and installation of hydraulic lifts. EN 201—Rubber and plastics machines—Injection-moulding machines—Safety requirements. EN 474-1—Earth-moving machinery—Safety—Part 1: General requirements; Amendment A1 to EN 474-1. EN 474-2—Earth-moving machinery—Safety—Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers. EN 474-3—Earth-moving machinery—Safety—Part 3: Requirements for loaders. EN 474-4—Earth-moving machinery—Safety—Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders. EN 500-1—Mobile construction machinery—Safety—Part 1: Common requirements. EN 500-2—Mobile construction machinery—Safety—Part 2: Specific requirements for road-milling machines. EN 500-3—Mobile construction machinery—Safety—Part 3: Specific requirements for soil stabilization machines. EN 500-4—Mobile construction machinery—Safety—Part 4: Specific requirements for compaction machines. EN 500-5—Mobile construction machinery—Safety—Part 5: Specific requirements for joint cutters. EN 528—Rail-dependent storage and retrieval equipment—Safety. EN 536—Road construction machines—Asphalt mixing plants—Safety requirements. EN 563—Safety of machinery—Temperatures of touchable surfaces—Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces. EN 574—Safety of machinery—Two-hand control devices—Functional aspects—Principles for design. EN 609-1—Agricultural and forestry machinery—Safety of log splitters—Part 1: Wedge splitters. EN 614-1—Safety of machinery—Ergonomic design principles—Part 1: Terminology and general principles. EN 626-1—Safety of machinery—Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery—Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers. EN 626-2—Safety of machinery—Reduction of risk to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery—Part 2: Methodology leading to verification procedures. EN 632—Agricultural machinery—Combine harvesters and forage harvesters—Safety. EN 690—Agricultural machinery—Manure spreaders—Safety. EN 692—Mechanical presses—Safety. EN 703—Agricultural machinery—Silage cutter—Safety. EN 704—Agricultural machinery—Pick-up balers—Safety. EN 706—Agricultural machinery—Vine shoot tipping machines—Safety. EN 707—Agricultural machinery—Slurry tankers—Safety. EN 708—Agricultural machinery—Soil working machines with powered tools—Safety. EN 709—Agricultural and forestry machinery—Pedestrian-controlled tractors with mounted rotary cultivators, motor hoes, motor hoes with drive wheel(s)—Safety. EN 710—Safety requirements for foundry moulding and core-making machinery and plant and associated equipment. EN 730—Gas welding equipment—Equipment used in gas welding, cutting, and allied processes, safety devices for fuel gases and oxygen or compressed air—General specifications, requirements, and tests. EN 745—Agricultural machinery—Rotary mowers and flail-mowers—Safety. EN 746-2—Industrial thermoprocessing equipment—Part 2: Safety requirements for combustion and fuel-handling systems. EN 746-3—Industrial thermoprocessing equipment—Part 3: Safety requirements for the generation and use of atmospheric gases. EN 774—Garden equipment—Handheld, integrally powered hedge trimmers—Safety; Amendments A1 and A2 to EN 774. EN 777-4—Multiburner gas-fired overhead radiant tube heater systems for nondomestic use—Part 4: System H—Safety. EN 786—Garden equipment—Electrically powered walk-behind and handheld lawn trimmers and lawn edge trimmers—Mechanical safety. EN 793—Particular requirements for safety of medical supply units. EN 809—Pumps and pump units for liquids—Common safety requirements. EN 836—Garden equipment—Powered lawnmowers—Safety; Amendment A1 to EN 836. EN 847-1—Tools for woodworking—Safety requirements—Part 1: Milling tools and circular saw blades. EN 848-2—Safety of woodworking machines—One-side moulding machines with rotating tool—Part 2: Single-spindle hand-fed and integrated-fed routing machines. EN 860—Safety of woodworking machines—One-side thickness planing machines. EN 869—Safety requirements for high-pressure metal die-casting units. EN 907—Agricultural and forestry machinery—Sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors—Safety. EN 908—Agricultural and forestry machinery—Reel machines for irrigation—Safety. EN 909—Agricultural and forestry machinery—Center pivot and moving lateral types—Irrigation machines—Safety. EN 940—Safety of woodworking machines—Combined woodworking machines. EN 953—Safety of machinery—General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards. EN 954-1—Safety of machinery—Safety-related parts of control systems—Part 1: General principles for design. EN 957-1—Stationary training equipment—Part 1: General safety requirements and test methods; Amendment A1:1998 to EN 957-1. EN 982—Safety of machinery—Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components—Hydraulics. EN 983—Safety of machinery—Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components—Pneumatics. EN 996—Piling equipment—Safety requirements. EN 999—Safety of machinery—The positioning of protective equipment with respect to approach speeds of machine parts toward the human body. EN 1070—Safety of machinery—Terminology. EN 1987-1—Electrically propelled road vehicles—Specific requirements for safety—Part 1: Onboard energy storage. EN 1987-2—Electrically propelled road vehicles—Specific requirements for safety—Part 2: Functional safety means and protection against failures. EN 1987-3—Electrically propelled road vehicles—Specific requirements for safety—Part 3: Protection of users against electrical hazards. EN 12547—Centrifuges—Common safety requirements. EN 12626—Safety of machinery—Laser processing machines—Safety requirements (ISO 11553: 1996, modified). EN 41003:1998—Particular safety requirements for equipment to be connected to telecommunications networks. EN 45502-1—Active implantable medical devices—Part 1: General requirements for safety, marking, and information to be provided by the manufacturer. EN 50019—Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres—Increased safety "e." EN 50020—Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres—Intrinsic safety "i." EN 50061/A1—Medical electrical equipment—Safety of implantable cardiac pacemakers. EN 50063:1989—Safety requirements for the construction and installation of equipment for resistance welding and allied processes. EN 50065-1:2001—Signaling on low-voltage electrical installations in the frequency range of 3 kHz to 148.5 kHz—Part 1: General requirements, frequency bands, and electromagnetic disturbances. EN 50083-1:1994 (R1998)—Cabled distribution systems for television, sound, and interactive multimedia signals—Part 1: Safety require-ments; Amendment A2:1997 to EN 50083-1:1993. EN 50086-2-3:1996 (R2002)—Conduit systems for electrical installations—Part 2-3: Particular requirements for flexible conduit systems. EN 50086-2-4:1994 (R2002)—Conduit systems for electrical installations—Part 2-4: Particular requirements for conduit systems buried underground. EN 50087:1993—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Particular requirements for bulk-milk coolers. EN 50088:1996 (R2003)—Safety of electric toys. EN 50091-1:1993—Uninterruptible power systems (UPSs)—Part 1: General and safety requirements. EN 50091-1-1:1997—Uninterruptible power systems (UPSs)—Part 1-1: General and safety requirements for UPSs used in operator access areas. EN 50091-1-2:1999 (R2000)—Uninterruptible power systems (UPSs)—Part 1-2: General and safety requirements for UPSs used in restricted access locations. EN 50106:1997 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Particular rules for routine tests referring to appliances under the scope of EN 60335-1 and EN 60967. EN 50116:1996— Information technology equipment—Routine electrical safety testing in production. EN 50122-1:1998—Railway applications—Fixed installations—Part 1: Protective provisions relating to electrical safety and earthing. EN 50144-1:1999 (R2002)—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 1: General requirements. EN 50144-2-1:2000—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-1: Particular requirements for drills. EN 50144-2-2:2000—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-2: Particular requirements for screwdrivers and impact wrenches. EN 50144-2-4:2000—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-4: Particular requirements for sanders. EN 50144-2-5:2000—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-5: Particular requirements for circular saws and circular knives. EN 50144-2-6:2001 (R2002)—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-6: Particular requirements for hammers. EN 50144-2-7:2001—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-7: Particular requirements for spray guns. EN 50144-2-8:1996—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-8: Particular requirements for sheet metal shears and nibblers. EN 50144-2-9:1996—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-9: Particular requirements for tappers. EN 50144-2-10:2001—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-10: Particular requirements for jigsaws. EN 50144-2-11:1997—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-11: Particular requirements for saber saws and double-blade reciprocating saws. EN 50144-2-14:2001—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-14: Particular requirements for planers. EN 50144-2-15:2001—Safety of handheld electric motor–operated tools—Part 2-15: Particular requirements for hedge trimmers. EN 50165:1997 (R2001)—Electrical equipment of nonelectric appliances for household and similar purposes—Safety requirements. EN 60061-1:1997 (R2003)—Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of interchangeability and safety—Part 1: Lamp caps. EN 60061-2:1997 (R1999)—Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of interchangeability and safety—Part 2: Lampholders. EN 60061-3:1997 (R1999)—Lamp caps and holders together with gauges for the control of interchangeability and safety—Part 3: Gauges. EN 60065:1993—Safety requirements for mains-operated electronic and related apparatus for household and similar general use. EN 60065:2002 (R2003)—Audio, video, and similar electronic apparatus—Safety requirements. EN 60073:2002—Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking, and identification—Coding principles for indication devices and actuators. EN 60143-1:1993 (R1995)—Series capacitors for power systems—Part 1: General—Performance, testing, and rating—Safety requirements—Guide for installation. EN 60204-1:1998—Safety of machinery—Electrical equipment of machines—Part 1: General requirements. EN 60215:1996—Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment; Amendment A1:1992 to EN 60215:1989; Amendment A2:1994 to EN 60215:1989. EN 60335-1:2002—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 1: General requirements. EN 60335-1:1996 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 1: General requirements. EN 60335-2-2:1996 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-2: Particular requirements for vacuum cleaners and water suction cleaning appliances. EN 60335-2-3:2002—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-3: Particular requirements for electric irons. EN 60335-2-4:2002—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-4: Particular requirements for spin extractors. EN 60335-2-5:1995 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-5: Particular requirements for dishwashers. EN 60335-2-6:2003—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-6: Particular requirements for stationary cooking ranges, hobs, ovens, and similar appliances. EN 60335-2-7:2001—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-7: Particular requirements for washing machines. EN 60335-2-8:1996 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-8: Particular requirements for shavers, hair clippers, and similar appliances. EN 60335-2-9:1996 (R2003)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-9: Particular requirements for grills, toasters, and similar portable cooking appliances. EN 60335-2-10:1995—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-10: Particular requirements for floor treatment machines and wet scrubbing machines. EN 60335-2-11:2001 (R2002)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-11: Particular requirements for tumbler dryers. EN 60335-2-12:1995—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-12: Particular requirements for warming plates and similar appliances. EN 60335-2-13:1996 (R1999)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-13: Particular requirements for deep fat fryers, frying pans, and similar appliances. EN 60335-2-14:1997 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-14: Particular requirements for kitchen machines. EN 60335-2-15:2002—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-15: Particular requirements for appliances for heating liquids. EN 60335-2-16:1997—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-16: Particular requirements for food waste disposers. EN 60335-2-17:1999—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-17: Particular requirements for blankets, pads, and similar flexible heating appliances. EN 60335-2-19:1989—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-19: Particular requirements for battery-powered shavers, hair clippers, and similar appliances and their charging and battery assemblies. EN 60335-2-20:1989—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-20: Particular requirements for battery-powered toothbrushes and their charging and battery assemblies. EN 60335-2-21:2003—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-21: Particular requirements for storage water heaters. EN 60335-2-23:1996 (R2002)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-23: Particular requirements for appliances for skin or hair care. EN 60335-2-24:2001—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-24: Particular requirements for refrigerating appliances, ice cream appliances, and ice makers. EN 60335-2-25:1997 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-25: Particular requirements for microwave ovens. EN 60335-2-26:1996—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-26: Particular requirements for clocks. EN 60335-2-27:1997 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-27: Particular requirements for appliances for skin exposure to ultraviolet and infrared radiation. EN 60335-2-28:1996—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-28: Particular requirements for sewing machines. EN 60335-2-29:1997 (R1998)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-29: Particular requirements for battery chargers. EN 60335-2-30:1997 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-30: Particular requirements for room heaters. EN 60335-2-31:1997 (R2000)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-31: Particular requirements for range hoods. EN 60335-2-34:2002—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-34: Particular requirements for motor-compressors. EN 60335-2-36:2002—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-36: Particular requirements for commercial electric cooking ranges, ovens, hobs, and hob elements. EN 60335-2-37:2002—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-37: Particular requirements for commercial electric deep fat fryers. EN 60335-2-38:2000—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-38: Particular requirements for commercial electric griddles and griddle grills. EN 60335-2-39:2000—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-39: Particular requirements for commercial electric multipurpose cooking pans. EN 60335-2-40:2003—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-40: Particular requirements for electrical heat pumps, air-conditioners, and dehumidifiers. EN 60335-2-41:1996 (R2002)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-41: Particular requirements for pumps for liquids having a temperature not exceeding 35°C. EN 60335-2-42:2000—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-42: Particular requirements for commercial electric forced-convection ovens, steam cookers, and steam-convection ovens. EN 60335-2-43:1997 (R1998)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-43: Particular requirements for clothes dryers and towel rails. EN 60335-2-44:2002—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-44: Particular requirements for ironers. EN 60335-2-45:2002—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-45: Particular requirements for portable heating tools and similar appliances. EN 60335-2-46:1989—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-46: Particular requirements for commercial electric steam cookers; Amendment A1:1992 to EN 60335-2-46:1989. EN 60335-2-47:1997 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-47: Particular requirements for commercial electric boiling pans. EN 60335-2-48:2000—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-48: Particular requirements for commercial electric grillers and toasters. EN 60335-2-56:1997—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-56: Particular requirements for projectors and similar appliances. EN 60335-2-58:1997—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-58: Particular requirements for commercial electric dishwashing machines; Amendment A1:1999 to EN 60335-2-58:1997. EN 60335-2-59:1997 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-59: Particular requirements for insect killers. EN 60335-2-65:1995 (R2001)—Safety of house-hold and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-65: Particular requirements for air-cleaning appliances. EN 60335-2-67:1999 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-67: Particular requirements for floor treatment and floor cleaning machines, for industrial and commercial use. EN 60335-2-68:1999 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-68: Particular requirements for spray extraction appliances, for industrial and commercial use. EN 60335-2-69:1999 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-69: Particular requirements for wet and dry vacuum cleaners, including power brush, for industrial and commercial use. EN 60335-2-73:1997 (R2001)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-73: Particular requirements for fixed immersion heaters. EN 60335-2-74:2003—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-74: Particular requirements for portable immersion heaters. EN 60335-2-79:1998 (R2000)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-79: Particular requirements for high-pressure cleaners and steam cleaners, for industrial and commercial use. EN 60335-2-80:1997—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-80: Particular requirements for fans. EN 60335-2-90:1998—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-90: Particular requirements for commercial microwave ovens. EN 60335-2-98:1997 (R2000)—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 2-98: Particular requirements for humidifiers. EN 60432-1:2002—Safety specifications for incandescent lamps—Part 1: Tungsten filament lamps for domestic and similar general lighting purposes. EN 60432-2:2002—Safety specifications for incandescent lamps—Part 2: Tungsten halogen lamps for domestic and similar lighting purposes. EN 60491:1997—Safety requirements for electronic flash apparatus for photographic purposes. EN 60598-2-19—Luminaires—Part 2: Particular requirements—Section 19: Air-handling luminaires—Safety requirements. EN 60695-1-1:2000—Guidance for assessing fire hazard of electrotechnical products—General guidance. EN 60799:1998—Cord sets—Nonrewirable cord sets for appliances—Safety requirements and test methods. EN 60825-1:1994 (R2002)—Safety of laser products—Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements, and user's guide. EN 60825-2:2000—Safety of laser products—Part 2: Safety of optical fiber communication systems. EN 60922:1997—Auxiliaries for lamps—Ballasts for discharge lamps (excluding tubular fluorescent lamps)—General and safety requirements. EN 60950:2000 (R2002)—Safety of information technology equipment. EN 60967:1991 (R1999)—Safety of electrically heated blankets, pads, and similar flexible heating appliances for household use. EN 60974-1:1998 (R2000)—Safety requirements for arc welding equipment—Part 1: Welding power sources. EN 60999-1:1993—Connecting devices—Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units for electrical copper conductors—Part 1: General requirements and particular requirements for conductors from 0.5 mm2 up to 35 mm2. EN 61195:2000 (R2003)—Double-capped fluorescent lamps—Safety specifications. EN 61199:2000—Single-capped fluorescent lamps—Safety specifications; Amendment A1 to EN 61199. EN 61204:1995 (R2002)—Low-voltage power-supply devices, dc output—Performance characteristics and safety requirements. EN 61210:1995—Connecting devices—Flat quick-connect terminations for electrical copper conductors—Safety requirements. EN 61603-1:1997—Transmission of audio and/or video and related signals using infrared radiation—Part 1: General. EN 132421:1997—Blank detail specification—Fixed capacitors for electromagnetic interference suppression—Capacitors for which safety tests are required (safety tests only). EN 133200:1999—Sectional specification—Passive filter units for electromagnetic interference suppression—Filters for which safety tests are required. EN 133201:1998—Blank detail specification—Passive filter units for electromagnetic interference suppression—Filters for which safety tests are required. EN 133221:1998—Blank detail specification—Passive filter units for electromagnetic interference suppression—Filters for which safety tests are required (safety tests only). EN 138000:1996—Generic specification—Fixed inductors for electromagnetic interference suppression—Inductors for which safety tests are required. EN 138100:1996—Sectional specification—Fixed inductors for electromagnetic interference suppression—Inductors for which safety tests are required. EN 138101:1996—Blank detail specification—Fixed inductors for electromagnetic interference suppression—Inductors for which safety tests are required—Assessment level D. HD 194 S1:1977—Requirements concerning the electrical safety of laser apparatus and installations. HD 251 S3:1982—Safety of household and similar electrical appliances—Part 1: General requirements; Amendment A1:1985 to HD 251 S3:1982; Amendment A2:1987 to HD 251 S3:1982; Amendment A3:1987 to HD 251 S3:1982. PD R044-001:1999—Safety of machinery—Guidance and recommendations for the avoidance of hazards due to static electricity. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)IEC Guide 104:1997—The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group safety publications. IEC 60079-1:2001—Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres—Part 1: Flameproof enclosures 'D.' IEC 60086-4:2000—Primary batteries—Part 4: Safety of lithium batteries. IEC 60086-5:2001—Primary batteries—Part 5: Safety of batteries with aqueous electrolyte. IEC 60204-1:1998—Safety of machinery—Electrical equipment of machines—Part 1: General requirements. IEC 60204-11:2001—Safety of machinery—Electrical equipment of machines—Part 11: Requirements for HV equipment for voltages above 1000 V ac or 1500 V dc and not exceeding 36 kV. IEC 60252-1:2001—Ac motor capacitors—Part 1: General—Performance, testing, and rating—Safety requirements—Guide for installation and operation. IEC 60335-1:2002—Household and similar appliances, safety—Part 1: General requirements. IEC 60445:2000—Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking, and identification—Identification of equipment terminals and of terminations of certain designated conductors, including general rules for an alphanumeric system. IEC 60446:2000—Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking, and identification—Identification of conductors by colours or numerals. IEC 60513:1994—Fundamental aspects of safety standards for medical electrical equipment. IEC 60519-1:1993—Safety in electroheat installations—Part 1: General requirements. IEC 60519-3:1996—Safety in electroheat installations—Part 3: Particular requirements for induction and conduction heating and induction melting installations. IEC 60519-6:2002—Safety in electroheat installations—Part 6: Specifications for safety in industrial microwave heating equipment. IEC 60519-7:1983—Safety in electroheat installations—Part 7: Particular requirements for installations with electron guns. IEC 60519-9:1987—Safety in electroheat installations—Part 9: Particular requirements for high-frequency dielectric heating installations. IEC 60601-1:1988 (R1995)—Medical electrical equipment—Part 1: General requirements for safety. IEC 60601-1-2:2001—Medical electrical equipment—Part 1: General requirements for safety—Section 2: Collateral standard—Electromagnetic compatibility—Requirements and tests. IEC 60601-1-3:1994—Medical electrical equipment—Part 1: General requirements for safety—Section 3: Collateral standard—General requirements for radiation protection in diagnostic x-ray equipment. IEC 60601-1-4:2000—Medical electrical equipment—Part 1-4: General requirements for safety—Collateral standard: Programmable electrical medical systems. IEC 60601-2-1:1998 (R2002)—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-1: Particular requirements for the safety of electron accelerators in the range of 1 to 50 MeV. IEC 60601-2-2:1998—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-2: Particular requirements for the safety of high-frequency surgical equipment. IEC 60601-2-3:1991 (R1998)—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-3: Particular requirements for the safety of short-wave therapy equipment. IEC 60601-2-4:2002—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-4: Particular requirements for the safety of cardiac defibrillators and cardiac defibrillator monitors. IEC 60601-2-5:2000—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-5: Particular requirements for the safety of ultrasonic physiotherapy equipment. IEC 60601-2-6:1984—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-6: Particular requirements for the safety of microwave therapy equipment. IEC 60601-2-7:1998—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-7: Particular requirements for the safety of high-voltage generators of diagnostic x-ray generators. IEC 60601-2-8:1999—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-8: Particular requirements for the safety of therapeutic x-ray equipment operating in the range of 10 kV to 1 MV. IEC 60601-2-9:1996—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-9: Particular requirements for the safety of patient contact dosimeters used in radiotherapy with electrically connected radiation detectors. IEC 60601-2-11:1997—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-11: Particular requirements for the safety of gamma-beam therapy equipment. IEC 60601-2-15:1988—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-15: Particular requirements for the safety of capacitor discharge x-ray generators. IEC 60601-2-17:1989 (R1996)—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-17: Particular requirements for the safety of remote-controlled automatically driven gamma-ray afterloading equipment. IEC 60601-2-18:1996 (R2000)—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-18: Particular requirements for the safety of endoscopic equipment. IEC 60601-2-22:1995—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-22: Particular requirements for the safety of diagnostic and therapeutic laser equipment. IEC 60601-2-24:1998—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-24: Particular requirements for the safety of infusion pumps and controllers. IEC 60601-2-25:1993 (R1999)—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-25: Particular requirements for the safety of electrocardiographs. IEC 60601-2-26:2002—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-26: Particular requirements for the safety of electroencephalographs. IEC 60601-2-27:1994—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-27: Particular requirements for the safety of electrocardiographic monitoring equipment. IEC 60601-2-28:1993—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-28: Particular requirements for the safety of x-ray source assemblies and x-ray tube assemblies for medical diagnosis. IEC 60601-2-29:1999—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-29: Particular requirements for the safety of radiotherapy simulators. IEC 60601-2-30:1999—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-30: Particular requirements for the safety, including essential performance, of automatic cycling noninvasive blood pressure monitoring equipment. IEC 60601-2-31:1994 (R1998)—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-31: Particular requirements for the safety of external cardiac pacemakers with internal power source. IEC 60601-2-32:1994—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-32: Particular requirements for the safety of associated equipment of x-ray equipment. IEC 60601-2-33:2002—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-33: Particular requirements for the safety of magnetic resonance equipment for medical diagnosis. IEC 60601-2-34:2000—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-34: Particular requirements for the safety and essential performance of invasive blood pressure monitoring equipment. IEC 60601-2-38:1996 (R1999)—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-38: Particular requirements for the safety of electrically operated hospital beds. IEC 60601-2-40:1998—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-40: Particular requirements for the safety of electromyographs and evoked response equipment. IEC 60601-2-44:2002—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-44: Particular requirements for the safety of x-ray equipment for computed tomography. IEC 60601-2-45:2001—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-45: Particular requirements for the safety of mammographic x-ray equipment and mammographic stereotactic devices. IEC 60601-2-46:1998—Medical electrical equipment—Part 2-46: Particular requirements for the safety of operating tables. IEC 60728-11:1997 (R2000)—Cabled distribution systems for television and sound signals—Part 11: Safety. IEC 60742:1983 (R1992)—Isolating transformers and safety isolating transformers—Requirements. IEC 60745-1:2001 (R2002)—Safety of handheld motor-operated electric tools—Part 1: General requirements. IEC 60825-1:1993 (R2001)—Safety of laser products—Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements, and user's guide. IEC 60825-2:2000 (R2001)—Safety of laser products—Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems. IEC 60825-4:1997 (R2002)—Safety of laser products—Part 4: Laser guards. IEC 60825-7 TS:2000—Safety of laser products—Part 7: Safety of products emitting infrared optical radiation, exclusively used for wireless "free air" data transmission and surveillance. IEC 60825-8 TR:1999—Safety of laser products—Part 8: Guidelines for the safe use of medical laser equipment. IEC 60825-9 TR:1999—Safety of laser products—Part 9: Compilation of maximum permissible exposure to incoherent optical radiation. IEC 60831-1:2002—Shunt power capacitors of the self-healing type for ac systems having a rated voltage up to and including 1000 V—Part 1: General—Performance, testing, and rating—Safety requirements—Guide for installation and operation. IEC 60871-1:1997 (R1998)—Shunt capacitors for ac power systems having a rated voltage above 1000 V—Part 1: General performance, testing, and rating—Safety requirements—Guide for installation and operation. IEC 60922:1997—Auxiliaries for lamps—Ballasts for discharge lamps (excluding tubular fluorescent lamps)—General and safety requirements. IEC 60924:1990 (R1993)—Dc-supplied electronic ballasts for tubular fluorescent lamps—General and safety requirements. IEC 60926:2000—Auxiliaries for lamps—Starting devices (other than glow starters)—General and safety requirements. IEC 60928:1999—Auxiliaries for lamps—Ac-supplied electronic ballasts for tubular fluorescent lamps—General and safety requirements. IEC 60931-1:1996 (R2002)—Shunt power capacitors of the non-self-healing type for ac systems having a rated voltage up to and including 1000 V—Part 1: General—Performance, testing, and rating—Safety requirements—Guide for installation and operation. IEC 60938-2-1:1999—Fixed inductors for electromagnetic interference suppression—Part 2-1: Blank detail specification—Inductors for which safety tests are required—Assessment level D. IEC 60938-2-2:1999—Fixed inductors for electromagnetic interference suppression—Part 2-2: Blank detail specification—Inductors for which safety tests are required (only). IEC 60950-1:2001 (R2002)—General requirements for the safety of information technology equipment. IEC 61010-1:2001 (R2003)—Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use—Part 1: General requirements. IEC 61010-2-010:1992 (R1996)—Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use—Part 2-010: Particular requirements for laboratory equipment for the heating of material. IEC 61010-2-020:1992 (R1996)—Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use—Part 2-020: Particular requirements for laboratory centrifuges. IEC 61010-2-031:1993—Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use—Part 2-031: Particular requirements for handheld probe assemblies for electrical measurement and test. IEC 61010-2-032:2002—Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use—Part 2-032: Particular requirements for handheld current clamps for electrical measurement and test. IEC 61010-2-061:1995—Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use—Part 2-061: Particular requirements for laboratory atomic spectrometers with thermal atomization and ionization. IEC 61029-1:1990—Safety of transportable motor-operated electric tools—Part 1: General requirements. IEC 61046:1993 (R1995)—Dc- or ac-supplied electronic step-down convertors for filament lamps—General and safety requirements. IEC 61048:1999—Auxiliaries for lamps—Capacitors for use in tubular fluorescent and other discharge lamp circuits—General and safety requirements. IEC 61050:1991 (R1994)—Transformers for tubular discharge lamps having a no-load output voltage exceeding 1000 V (generally called neon transformers)—General and safety requirements. IEC 61069-7:1999—Industrial-process measurement and control—Evaluation. IEC 61285:1994—Industrial-process control—Safety of analyzer houses. IEC 61293:1994—Marking of electrical equipment with ratings related to electrical supply—Safety requirements. IEC 61310-3:1999—Safety of machinery—Indication, marking, and actuation—Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of actuators. IEC 61496-1:1997 (R1998)—Safety of machinery—Electro-sensitive protective equipment—Part 1: General requirements and tests. IEC 61496-2:1997—Safety of machinery—Electro-sensitive protective equipment—Part 2: Particular requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs). IEC 61496-3:2001—Safety of machinery—Electro-sensitive protective equipment—Part 3: Particular requirements for active optoelectronic protective devices responsive to diffuse reflection (AOPDRDR). IEC 61508-1:1998 (R1999)—Functional safety of electrical, electronic, and programmable electronic safety-related systems—Part 1: General requirements. IEC 61508-2:2000—Functional safety of electrical, electronic, and programmable electronic safety-related systems—Part 2: Requirements for electrical, electronic, and programmable electronic safety-related systems. IEC 61508-3:1998 (R1999)—Functional safety of electrical, electronic, and programmable electronic safety-related systems—Part 3: Software requirements. IEC 61508-4:1998 (R1999)—Functional safety of electrical, electronic, and programmable electronic safety-related systems—Part 4: Definitions and abbreviations. IEC 61508-5:1998 (R1999)—Functional safety of electrical, electronic, and programmable electronic safety-related systems—Part 5: Examples of methods for the determination of safety integrity levels. IEC 61508-7:2000—Functional safety of electrical, electronic, and programmable electronic safety-related systems—Part 7: Overview of techniques and measures. IEC 61511-1:2003—Functional safety—Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector. Framework, definitions, system, hardware, and software requirements. IEC 61511-3:2003—Functional safety—Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector. Guidance for the determination of the required safety integrity levels. IEC 61557-1:1997—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 1: General requirements. IEC 61557-2:1997—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 2: Insulation resistance. IEC 61557-3:1997—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 3: Loop impedance. IEC 61557-4:1997—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 4: Resistance of earth connection and equipotential bonding. IEC 61557-5:1997—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 5: Resistance to earth. IEC 61557-6:1997—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 6: Residual current devices (RCD) in TT and TN systems. IEC 61557-7:1997—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 7: Phase sequence. IEC 61557-8:1997—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 8: Insulation monitoring devices for IT systems. IEC 61557-9:1999—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 9: Equipment for insulation fault location in IT systems. IEC 61557-10:2000—Electrical safety in low-voltage distribution systems up to 1000 V ac and 1500 V dc—Equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring of protective measures—Part 10: Combined measuring equipment for testing, measuring, or monitoring. IEC 61558-1:1998—Safety of power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 1: General requirements and tests. IEC 61558-2-1:1997—Safety of power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2: Particular requirements for separating transformers for general use. IEC 61558-2-2:1997—Safety of power transfor-mers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-2: Particular requirements for control transformers. IEC 61558-2-4:1997—Safety of power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-4: Particular requirements for isolating transformers for general use. IEC 61558-2-6:1997—Safety of power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-6: Particular requirements for safety isolating transformers for general use. IEC 61558-2-7:1997—Safety of power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-7: Particular requirements for transformers for toys. IEC 61558-2-8:1998—Safety of small power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-8: Particular requirements for bell and chime transformers. IEC 61558-2-13:1999—Safety of power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-13: Particular requirements for auto-transformers for general use. IEC 61558-2-15:1999—Safety of power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-15: Particular requirements for isolating transformers for the supply of medical locations. IEC 61558-2-17:1997—Safety of power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-17: Particular requirements for transformers for switch-mode power supplies. IEC 61558-2-19:2000—Safety of power transformers, power-supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-19: Particular requirements for perturbation attenuation transformers. IEC 61558-2-20:2000—Safety of power transformers, power supply units, and similar devices—Part 2-20: Particular requirements for small reactors. IEC 62083:2000—Medical electrical equipment—Requirements for the safety of radiotherapy treatment planning systems. IEC 62151:2000 (R2001)—Safety of equipment electrically connected to a telecommunication network. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)IEEE C95.1:1999—IEEE standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz. IEEE C95.3:2002—Recommended practice for measurements and computations of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields with respect to human exposure, 100 kHz–300 GHz. IEEE C95.3:2002—IEEE-recommended practice for the measurement of potentially hazardous electromagnetic fields—RF and microwave. IEEE 80:2000—Safety in ac substation grounding. IEEE 81.2:1991—IEEE guide for measurement of impedance and safety characteristics of large, extended, or interconnected grounding systems. IEEE 510:1983 (R1992)—IEEE-recommended practices for safety in high-voltage and high-power testing. IEEE 902:1998—IEEE guide for maintenance, operation, and safety of industrial and commercial power systems. Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society (ISA) ISA 12.02.01:1999—Electrical apparatus for use in Class I, Zone 0, 1, and 2 hazardous (classified) locations—Intrinsic safety. ISA RP12.2.02:1996—Recommendations for the preparation, content, and organization of intrinsic safety control drawings. ISA RP12.6:1995—Wiring practices for hazardous (classified) locations instrumentation—Part I: Intrinsic safety. ISA S82.01:1994—Safety standard for electrical and electronic testing, measuring, controlling, and related equipment—General requirements. ISA S82.02.02:1996—Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use. ISA S82.02.04:1996—Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use. ISA S82.03:1988—Safety standard for electrical and electronic testing, measuring, controlling, and related equipment—Electrical and electronic process measurement and control equipment. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ISO 3864:1984—Safety colors and safety signs. ISO 4126-1:1991—Safety valves—Part 1: General requirements. ISO 6178:1983—Centrifuges—Construction and safety rules—Method for the calculation of the tangential stress in the shell of a cylindrical centrifuge rotor. ISO 6309:1987—Fire protection—Safety signs. ISO 10079-1:1999—Medical suction equipment—Part 1: Electrically powered suction equipment—Safety requirements. ISO 11197:1996—Medical electrical equipment—Particular requirements for safety of medical supply units. ISO 11553:1996—Safety of machinery—Laser processing machines—Safety requirements. ISO 13090-1:1998—Mechanical vibration and shock—Guidance on safety aspects of tests and experiments with people—Part 1: Exposure to whole-body mechanical vibration and repeated shock. ISO 13943:2000—Fire safety—Vocabulary. ISO 14121:1999—Safety of machinery—Principles of risk assessment. ISO 14708-1:2000—Implants for surgery—Active implantable medical devices—Part 1: General requirements for safety, marking, and for information to be provided by the manufacturer. ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999—Safety aspects—Guidelines for their inclusion in standards. ISO/IEC Guide 63:1999—Guide to the development and inclusion of safety aspects in international standards for medical devices. ISO/TR 12100-1:1992—Safety of machinery—Basic concepts, general principles for design—Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. ISO/TR 12100-2:1992—Safety of machinery—Basic concepts, general principles for design—Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. ISO/TR 13387-1:1999—Fire safety engineering—Part 1: Application of fire performance concepts to design objectives. ISO/TR 13387-3:1999—Fire safety engineering—Part 3: Assessment and verification of mathematical fire models. ISO/TR 16142:1999—Medical devices—Guidance on the selection of standards in support of recognized essential principles of safety and performance of medical devices. Society for Automotive Engineers (SAE)SAE J284:1991 (R2002)—Safety-alert symbol for agricultural, construction, and industrial equipment. Underwriters Laboratories (UL)UL 935:2001—Standard for safety for fluorescent-lamp ballasts. |