ESD Standards

The following list details the major electrostatic discharge (ESD) standards in place worldwide.

Standards

MIL-STD-1686C: ESD Control Program for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies, and Equipment (excluding Electrically Initiated Devices). This military standard establishes requirements for ESD control programs. It applies to U.S. military agencies, contractors, subcontractors, suppliers, and vendors. It requires the establishment, implementation, and documentation of ESD control programs for static-sensitive devices, but does not mandate or preclude the use of any specific ESD control materials, products, or procedures.

MIL-HDBK-263B: ESD Control Handbook for Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies, and Equipment (excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices). This reference provides guidance, but not mandatory requirements, for the establishment and implementation of an ESD control program in accordance with the requirements of MIL-STD-1686.

MIL-PRF-87893: Workstation, ESD Control. This document defines the requirements for ESD-protective workstations.

MIL-B-81705: Barrier Materials, Flexible, Electrostatic Protective, Heat Sealable. This document defines requirements for ESD-protective flexible packaging materials.

MIL-STD-129: Marking for Shipment and Storage. Procedures for the marking and labeling of ESD-sensitive items are prescribed by this standard.

EIA 541: Packaging Material Standards for ESD-Sensitive Items. This document addresses packaging materials and definitions of material types for ESD-sensitive items.

EIA 625: Requirements for Handling ESD-Sensitive Devices. This voluntary standard establishes minimum requirements for ESD control methods and materials designed to protect electronic devices having Human Body Model (HBM) sensitivities of 200 V or greater. It is intended for use by semiconductor distributors, semiconductor processing and testing facilities, and semiconductor end-users.

EN100015: Protection of Electrostatic Sensitive Devices. This European Norm covers ESD handling practices for electronic devices.

ESD-S1.1-1998: Evaluation, Acceptance, and Functional Testing of Wrist Straps. This document established test methods for evaluating the electrical and mechanical characteristics of wrist straps.

ESD STM2.1-1997: Resistance Test Method for ESD Protective Garments. This standard test method describes test methods to be used in measuring the electrical resistance of garments designed to control ESD.

ANSI EOS/ESD S3.1-1991: Ionization. Test methods and procedures for evaluating and selecting air-ionization equipment and systems are provided in this standard, which establishes measurement techniques to determine ion balance and charge-neutralization time for ionizers.

EOS/ESD S4.1-1997: Work Surfaces—Resistance Measurements. This document sets out test methods for measuring the electrical resistance of work surface materials used at workstations for the protection of ESD-susceptible items.

ESD STM4.2-1998: Work Surfaces—Charge Dissipation Characteristics. This standard test method prescribes a procedure for measuring the electrostatic-charge-dissipation characteristics or work surfaces used for ESD control.

ESD STM5.1-1998: Revised—ESD Sensitivity Testing—Human Body Model. This standard test methods defines procedures for testing, evaluating, and classifying the ESD sensitivity of components to the defined Human Body Model.

ANSI ESD S5.2-1994: ESD Sensitivity Testing—Machine Model. This standard established a test procedure for evaluating the ESD sensitivity of components to a defined machine model, and outlines a system whereby the sensitivity of such components may be classified.

ANSI EOS/ESD S6.1-1991: Grounding—Recommended Practice. The particular parameters, procedures, and types of materials needed to establish an ESD grounding system for the protection of electronic hardware are specified by this standard.

ANSI ESD S7.1-1994. Floor Materials—Resistive Characterization of Materials. Measurement of the electrical resistance of various flooring materials, including floor coverings, mats, and floor finishes, is addressed by this document.

ANSI ESD S8.1-1993: ESD Awareness Symbols. Three types of ESD awareness symbols are established by this standard.

ESD S9.1-1995: Resistive Characterization of Footwear. This standard defines a test method for measuring the electrical resistance of shoes used for ESD control in the electronics environment.

ANSI ESD S11.11-1993: Surface Resistance Measurement of Static-Dissipative Planar Materials. A direct-current test method for the measurements of electrical resistance is defined by this standard, which specifically covers static-dissipative planar materials used in the packaging of ESD-sensitive devices and components.

ANSI ESD S11.31-1994: Evaluating the Performance of ESD Shielding Bags. This standard provides a method for testing and determining the shielding capabilities of ESD shielding bags.

ESD STM12.1-1997: Seating—Resistive Characterization. This standard test method describes how to measure the electrical resistance of seating used in an ESD control program.

ESD DSP3.3-1997: Periodic Verification of Air Ionizers. This draft standard practice lays out a measurement technique for the periodic determination of ion balance and charge-neutralization time for ionizers in actual-use locations.

EOS/ESD DS5.3-1996: ESD Sensitivity Testing—Charged Device Model. This draft standard is a test method for evaluating active and passive components' ESD sensitivity to a defined charged device model.

ESD DS5.2-1996: ESD Sensitivity Testing—Machine Model. This draft standard defines a test method designed to simulate an ESD event occurring from a low-resistance source.

ESD DS11.12-1996: Volume Resistance Measurement of Static-Dissipative Planar Materials. Test methods for measuring the volume resistance of static-dissipative planar materials are provided in this draft standard.

ESD DS54.1-1997: Floor Materials and Footwear—Resistance Measurement in Combination with a Person. This draft standard outlines a test method for measuring the electrical resistance of floor materials, footwear, and personnel as a single system.

ESD DS54.2-1997: Floor Materials and Footwear—Voltage Measurement on a Person. This standard provides a test method for measuring the electrostatic voltage on a person in combination with floor materials and footwear.

ESD DS20.20-1998: ESD Control Program. This draft standard specifies the requirements that must be satisfied in designing, establishing, implementing, and maintaining ESD control programs for ESD-sensitive items susceptible to discharges equal to or greater than 100 V HBM.

STM3.1: Ionization. This document establishes measurement techniques to determine ion balance and charge neutralization time for ionizers.

SP3.3: Periodic Verification of Air Ionizers. This document provides a measurement technique to periodically determine ion balance and charge neutralization time for ionizers in actual-use locations.

SP10.1-1999: Automated Handling Equipment. This document covers test methods for evaluating the ESD ground integrity of automated handling equipment as well as charge generation, and charge accumulation on devices in automated handling equipment.

STM11.12: Volume-Resistance Measurement of Static-Dissipative Planar Materials. This document provides test methods for measuring the volume resistance of static-dissipative planar materials.

Advisory Documents

ESD ADV1.0-1994: Glossary of Terms. Definitions and explanations of various terms used in Association Standards and documents are covered in this advisory.

ESD ADV2.0-1994: ESD Handbook. The ESD Handbook is a complete guide to static control in the workplace. Nineteen chapters cover ESD basics, control procedures, auditing, symbols, device testing, and standards.

ESD ADV3.2-1995: Selection and Acceptance of Air Ionizers. This Advisory document provides end-users with guidelines for creating a performance specification for selecting air ionization systems. It reviews four types of air ionizers and discusses applications; test method references; and general design, performance, and safety requirements.

ESD ADV11.2-1995: Triboelectric Charge Accumulation Testing. The complex phenomenon of triboelectric charging is discussed in this Advisory. It covers the theory and effects of tribocharging. It reviews procedures and problems associated with various test methods that are often used to evaluate triboelectrification characteristics.

ESD ADV53.1-1995: ESD Protective Workstations. This advisory document defines the minimum requirements for a basic ESD protective workstation used in ESD-sensitive areas.

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